Observation

The Observation step is about paying close attention to what the text actually says, before jumping to interpretation or application. This is where you slow down and examine the details.

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Here are some good observation questions to ask during this phase:

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General Questions:

• What is happening in the passage?

• Who are the main characters?

• What are they doing or saying?

• What is the setting (time, place, context)?

• Are there any key words or repeated phrases?

• Is there a command, promise, warning, or encouragement?

• What is being emphasized?

• Are there any transitions or contrasts (e.g., “but,” “therefore,” “then”)?

• Is there something that seems unexpected or surprising?

Literary and Structural Observations:

• What is the genre (narrative, poetry, prophecy, epistle, etc.)?

• How does the structure of the passage help communicate the meaning?

• Is there a progression of thought or a list?

• Does the passage quote or reference other Scripture?

Theological/Doctrinal Observations:

• What does this passage reveal about:

  • God’s character?

  • Jesus?

  • The Holy Spirit?

  • Human nature?

• What truths about salvation, grace, or faith are present?

• How does this passage connect to the broader message of the Bible?

Language Observations:

• Are there any figurative expressions, metaphors, or symbolic language?

• What tone is being used? (e.g., joyful, urgent, sorrowful)

• Are any questions being asked—and are they answered?